Agile Methodology is a software development philosophy rooted in the 2001 Agile Manifesto, emphasizing iterative delivery, customer collaboration, and adaptive planning over rigid processes. Born from the need to respond rapidly to changing requirements, Agile shifted the industry from waterfall's sequential approach to incremental value delivery through short cycles called sprints or iterations. The key mental model: working software delivered frequently beats comprehensive documentation and distant deadlines—teams inspect, adapt, and continuously improve both product and process.

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