Geospatial BI is the practice of overlaying business data on geographic canvases — maps, grids, and spatial layers — inside mainstream BI platforms such as Power BI, Tableau, and ArcGIS. Getting location-based insights right requires understanding not just which chart type to choose but also how coordinate systems distort area, how classification schemes shape perception, and how to keep performance acceptable when datasets scale to millions of rows. The single most important mental model is that every map design choice is also a statistical choice: the boundaries you draw, the classification method you apply, and the color scheme you pick will all change what story the data appears to tell.
What This Cheat Sheet Covers
This topic spans 15 focused tables and 110 indexed concepts. Below is a complete table-by-table outline of this topic, spanning foundational concepts through advanced details.
Table 1: Core Map Types in BI Tools
Choosing the wrong map type is the most common geospatial BI mistake — a choropleth that shows raw counts instead of rates misleads, while a bubble map on the same data communicates correctly. Each type encodes a different spatial variable and suits a different data shape.
| Type | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
Power BI Filled Map: field → Location bucket, measure → Color saturation | • Shades geographic areas (countries, states, postal codes) by a normalized measure (rate, %, index) • never raw counts | |
Tableau: place a Measure on Size on the Marks card with Circle mark type | • Scales point symbols (circles, squares) by a quantitative value • good when absolute magnitude matters more than rate | |
Tableau: Longitude → Columns, Latitude → Rows, detail granularity | • Plots individual event locations • reveals spatial clustering but becomes unreadable at high density without aggregation | |
Tableau Marks card → Density mark type; adjust Intensity and Radius | • Uses kernel density estimation to render a continuous density surface • effective for millions of points without over-plotting |