Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language designed for write once, run anywhere (WORA) portability through the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Originally released in 1995, Java combines strong static typing with automatic memory management, making it a foundation for enterprise applications, Android development, and distributed systems. The language prioritizes readability, stability, and backward compatibility, allowing decades-old code to run on modern JVMs while continuously evolving with features like virtual threads, records, pattern matching, and sealed classes to address contemporary concurrency and data modeling needs.

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