Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is a macro-theory of human motivation developed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan that examines how autonomy, competence, and relatedness shape intrinsic motivation, autonomous behavior, and psychological well-being. Unlike behaviorist models that view motivation as externally driven, SDT posits that humans possess inherent growth tendencies and innate psychological needs that, when satisfied, foster optimal functioning. The theory distinguishes motivation along a continuum from amotivation through various forms of extrinsic motivation to pure intrinsic motivation, with autonomous forms consistently predicting better performance, persistence, and wellbeing. A key insight: not all motivation is created equal—the type and quality of motivation matter far more than its intensity, particularly when designing rewards, feedback structures, and supportive environments that nurture rather than undermine motivation.
What This Cheat Sheet Covers
This topic spans 26 focused tables and 111 indexed concepts. Below is a complete table-by-table outline of this topic, spanning foundational concepts through advanced details.
Table 1: Core Motivation Types
| Type | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
Coding for the joy of problem-solving | • Engaging in an activity for its inherent satisfaction rather than separable outcomes • most autonomous form of motivation. | |
Studying to earn a certificate | Performing an activity to attain a separable outcome such as rewards, approval, or avoiding punishment. | |
Exercising because it aligns with health values | • Behavior driven by choice and volition • includes intrinsic motivation and well-internalized extrinsic motivation (identified, integrated). |